TALKING POINTS ON PEACE EDUCATION
These Talking Points have emerged from Focus Groups conducted by The Curriculum
of Hope for a Peaceful World Committee at four Connecticut Universities in
May 2008: Central Connecticut State University, Eastern Connecticut State University,
Saint Joseph College, University of Hartford.
Six questions were posed and
these are reflected in the body of this paper. Comments reflect those participants
who represent both teacher education faculty and those in liberal arts- the
aim of our project is to understand further how peace education is conceptually
infused in curricula for pre-service teachers
We asked if this concept of Peace Education resonated with the work done
with the various departments.
Peace Education as defined by the Curriculum
of Hope:
Peace Education includes a basic understanding of human rights and our responsibility
to maintain, repair and sustain out planet Earth.
As global citizens we all need to be able
to think critically, to resolve conflicts non-violently and to cooperate
and compromise to reach agreements
that benefit all. We need to respect and care about each others’ plight,
work for a healthy environment, a strong world economy and an equitable society
which celebrates every culture and provides social justice for everyone.
Faculty report that there is discussion in classrooms on theories of violence,
the importance of concepts of inclusion, diversity (as these are human rights
concerns) and that decision making toward good choices in the classroom are
important. Focus on testing is a hurdle to teaching concepts of peace in teacher
education. Equity as a concept is taught across various disciplines. Early
childhood courses focus on peaceful environments and conflict management in
families. Power as a concept is also taught.
We asked if students entering the university seem to have the requisite skills
or any special interest in peace education.
Student attitudes reflect those of society in general. Some are “leftist”,
some on the “right”. Teacher education faculty report students
report anxiety in dealing with classroom management issues, pointing to a need
for skill building in conflict resolution.
We asked if any faculty currently include courses on Global Sustainability,
Conflict or Human Rights and if so, how are these topics incorporated.
Education foundation courses study the Constitution and Bill of Rights, teaching
toward human rights. This also includes civil rights as well as historical
inequities in our educational system. One university has a course on social
inequity and global sustainability and there are courses in criminal justice
and the community and courses are offered on experiences of Latinos and African-Americans
and the struggle for equity. Universities offer internships in community experiences
for students. Students are encouraged to become role models of equity. The
early childhood experience at one university has a focus on the peaceful environment.
An English course deals with sources of power. Students at one university are
required to take a sequence of courses on conflict resolution.
We asked if there are peace education courses that are required of teacher
education students and if so, should there be.
One teacher education department offers a course in conflict resolution in
the classroom as an elective. Cross-disciplinary courses are offered which
deal, albeit somewhat indirectly, but do deal with issues of peace and global
sustainability (ex.-English/Biology team taught course). Understanding the
exceptional learner in teacher education fosters a sense of the importance
of inclusion and human rights. Peace education needs to be infused, not required
per se. Due to standards and testing, adding more to the curriculum is a problem.
A priority is to help those students who ask for help with classroom management.
One good curriculum is The Responsive Classroom. There was a feeling that too
much emphasis is placed on classroom behavior management which sometimes can
be interpreted as manipulation. Respect for one another is key.
We asked about standards as required by regional accreditation agencies that
would be considered as partly or wholly aligned with peace education.
There was not general consensus about this. Some documents from the universities
reflect competencies and the importance of diversity in teaching to teacher
education. One program has diversity at its core. School counselor guidelines
at one university speak directly to peace and conflict resolution. One university’s
department of education has the goal of developing change agents, including
reflective thinking and collaboration. Empathy and the idea that all children
can learn is reflected in one university’s competency report. The Association
of American Colleges and Universities has a set of standards that they require
colleges and universities to meet for accreditation. Aacu.org
We asked participants if they had anything further to add to the discussion.
In summary. These ideas and practices will form the basis for a Forum on Peace Education with some of the same participants as well as new ones. Our goal is joining together with faculty from each of the four universities and interacting to evoke new and enlarged practices.